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  • Investigating Students’ Difficulties in Numeracy: A Focus on Linear Functions and the Tools Dimension

    Investigating Students’ Difficulties in Numeracy: A Focus on Linear Functions and the Tools Dimension

    Authors: Sarah Inayah, Dirham D, Sufyani Prabawanto, Al Jupri, Selfa Septiani

    Abstract

    This study investigated students’ difficulties in numeracy, with a particular focus on linear functions and tools dimension. This is case study research gathering relevant qualitative information from 34 ninth-grade students who had already learned about linear function concepts. Based on the analysis of students’ errors in answering the numeracy questions in the dimensions of tools section which can be identified in the linear function topic, students experience difficulties in interpreting mathematical phenomena with various mathematical representations; and students experience difficulty in making translations between mathematical representations. This is because students experience difficulties in managing cognitive demands, shallow understanding of mathematical principles, complexity of concepts, inappropriate learning practices, limited practice opportunities, and lack of familiarity with mathematical tools. The impact of this study is as an initial step in designing teaching materials on linear function material that discusses and anticipates students’ learning difficulties in solving numerical problems based on empirical findings. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.

    Author keywords

    Case study; Linear function; Numeracy; Student difficulties; Tools dimension

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002420217

  • Advanced Path Planning for Mitigating Front and Rear-End Collisions in Autonomous Vehicles Using Uncertainty-Aware Mapping and Planning

    Advanced Path Planning for Mitigating Front and Rear-End Collisions in Autonomous Vehicles Using Uncertainty-Aware Mapping and Planning

    Author: Muhammad Aria Rajasa Pohan, Jana Utama, Budi Herdiana

    Abstract

    Autonomous vehicles (AVs) face safety risks when human drivers behave dangerously around AVs. This study proposes a path-planning strategy to reduce the risk of frontal and rear-end collisions. This method integrates uncertainty-aware mapping and planning techniques. The mapping uses uncertainty-aware configuration time space (CTS). In CTS, the boundary size of dynamic objects adapts to the uncertainty of their motion. This representation is combined with the RRT-PSO path planning algorithm and Multi Rule Templates. We name this algorithm uncertainty-aware path planner (UAPP). The system is tested in four simulation scenarios. The scenarios include drivers behaving dangerously around AVs. The results show that UAPP reduces the risk of frontal and rear-end collisions. A comparative analysis is also performed. The performance of UAPP is compared with the Fast RRT and closed loop RRT (CL-RRT) algorithms. Statistical analysis shows that UAPP achieves lower p-values in most cases. This study demonstrates the potential of uncertainty-aware path-planning strategies for autonomous vehicles. This study has the potential to develop safer autonomous vehicle systems. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.

    Author Keywords

    Autonomous vehicles; Collision mitigation; Multi rule templates; Path planning; Uncertainty-aware mapping

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002429415

  • Internet of Things Data Security Model Using Elliptic Curve Diffie Hellman and Advanced Encryption Standard

    Internet of Things Data Security Model Using Elliptic Curve Diffie Hellman and Advanced Encryption Standard

    Authors: Sopian Alviana, Muhamad Faishal Azizi, Dedeng Hirawan

    Abstract

    The internet of things (IoT) is a transformative technology that enables hardware devices to connect and communicate through computer networks. Among the commonly used protocols in IoT is the message queue telemetry transport (MQTT). While MQTT offers the advantage of lightweight data transmission, it falls short in ensuring data security and confidentiality. This limitation can be addressed through the implementation of cryptographic algorithms. This study aimed to enhance the security of data on IoT devices by utilizing a combined cryptographic approach that integrates elliptic curve Diffie Hellman (ECDH) with the advanced encryption standard (AES). The research methodology involves several key stages: analysing and determining system requirements, designing a security model, and conducting performance testing. Success is evaluated based on parameters such as memory and processor usage. Experimental results demonstrated that the integration of ECDH and AES effectively secures data on IoT devices, with memory usage recorded at 8.69% and processor utilization at 21.3%. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.

    Author keywords

    AES; ECDH; Internet of things; MQTT; Security

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002311862 

  • The Current State of Digital Twin in Indonesia’s Construction Sector: A Survey

    The Current State of Digital Twin in Indonesia’s Construction Sector: A Survey

    Authors: Yongki Alexander Tanne, Nauval Pramesta Nugroho, Keisya Nairazzahra Abduloh, Gischa Sandrina Aulia

    Abstract

    The advancement of technology in the industry 4.0 era has significantly increased the prominence of Digital Twin technology. Various industries, such as manufacturing, healthcare, agriculture, automotive, and others, have begun to experience the benefits of Digital Twin in the context of simulation and decision-making, including the construction industry globally. Therefore, this study aims to assess the current status of Digital Twin development in Indonesia from the perspective of stakeholders, focusing on their level of understanding, the potential, and the challenges of its implementation. Through a survey of 99 respondents representing construction stakeholders from various regions in Indonesia, this study reveals that Digital Twin technology in the Indonesian construction sector is still in its early stages of development. This is evident from the levels of understanding of the definition and benefits, which only reach 16.2% and 22.2%, respectively. Regarding potential, most respondents believe that Digital Twin can address construction challenges such as efficiency, simulation, and decision-making support (95%). Concerning challenges, respondents’ opinions generally fall into categories such as human resources (40.7%), infrastructure (29.1%), costs (12.8%), socialization (12.8%), regulations (3.5%), and data security (1.2%). This research is expected to encourage further study by researchers and stakeholders on the application of Digital Twin technology in the Indonesian construction sector. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.

    Author keywords

    BIM integration; Construction industry; Digital twin; Predictive analytics in construction; Survey

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002299137

  • Development of “Self-Reflection Instrument for Character Detection (Serinteron)” to Help Students Know the Strengths and Weaknesses of Their Characters

    Development of “Self-Reflection Instrument for Character Detection (Serinteron)” to Help Students Know the Strengths and Weaknesses of Their Characters

    Authors: Hendrik Pandu Paksi, Sa’dun Akbar, A. Rosyid Al Atok, Ari Sapto, Zaenal Abidin, Zainal Arifin Hasibuan, Amadhila Elina Penehafo

    Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to develop an independent technology-based reflection instrument to detect the strength of religious character, helping students identify their character strengths and weaknesses while also assisting teachers in selecting appropriate religious character-strengthening programs based on students’ conditions. We used the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation (ADDIE) model because it provides a structured approach to instructional design, ensuring systematic development and evaluation. The results indicated that the instrument had a good level of validity because expert evaluations confirmed its accuracy. Construct and content validity assessments demonstrated that the instrument met the required standards. After validation, a limited trial was conducted with students, showing high effectiveness. This instrument was also considered practical, as evidenced by student questionnaire responses. Additionally, interviews with teachers confirmed its ease of implementation in learning because the instrument was designed with user-friendly procedures. These findings were obtained because the instrument underwent systematic development, incorporated revisions based on expert feedback and was trailed to assess effectiveness and practicality. This research impacts students by enabling them to assess their religious character strengths while also providing teachers with valuable data to design learning programs that align with students’ needs. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.

    Author Keywords

    Elementary school; Religious character; Self-reflection instrument; Serinteron; Students

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002300534

  • Exploration of Design Thinking Methods for Digital Platforms

    Exploration of Design Thinking Methods for Digital Platforms

    Authors: Rifqi Fahrudin, Marsani Asfi, Sudadi Pranata, Chandra Lukita, Eddy Soeryanto Soegoto, Irfan Dwiguna Sumitra

    Abstract

    In today’s fast-paced digital landscape, digital platforms shape commercial, educational, and social interactions. The increasing competition in digital platform development demands continuous innovation and a user-centered approach. This study explores the integration of the Design Thinking process into digital platform design, examining how each stage of this methodology can be adapted to address key challenges such as multi-stakeholder collaboration and technological complexity. Through multiple case studies of digital platform developers, this qualitative research investigates how Design Thinking fosters innovation and enhances user satisfaction. The study culminates in a practical framework designed to help developers optimize user experience and strengthen their competitive edge in the market. Additionally, the findings contribute to existing literature by refining the application of Design Thinking in digital environments and highlighting avenues for further research in related contexts. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.

    Author keywords

    Design thinking; Digital platform; Exploration

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105001496046

  • Junior High School Students in Solving Mathematical Ill-Structured Problems: Analyzing Using Harel Theory

    Junior High School Students in Solving Mathematical Ill-Structured Problems: Analyzing Using Harel Theory

    Authors: Shelly Morin, Didi Suryadi, Sufyani Prabawanto, Dedi Sulistiyo

    Abstract

    This study explored how students think when solving ill-structured mathematics problems. This research method was a qualitative case study involving class VIII junior high school students. Data collection techniques were done by giving ill-structured mathematics problems in the form of geometry material, observation, and in-depth interviews. Furthermore, after students solved the problem; to further describe the student’s answers, in-depth interviews were conducted to explore and dig up further information. The results showed that some issues were found: the complexity of the problems given to students became a challenge in solving unstructured geometry problems, students had difficulties interpreting the problem due to limited prior knowledge, especially regarding geometry material, and the problems given required creativity in finding solutions. Students’ constraints were in the lack of prior knowledge, especially geometry materials, and creativity to find and establish strategies to build solutions according to their knowledge. This research contributed to uncovering students’ thought processes when constructing solutions based on their prior knowledge to identify learning difficulties in more depth. This research also showed that the diversity of students’ ways of thinking provides different problem-solving opportunities. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.

    Author keywords

    Geometry; Junior high school; Mathematics ill-structured; Student; Ways of thinking

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002415768

  • Enhancing Students’ Advanced Mathematical Thinking in Algebra through Three Worlds Journeys on Mathematics Worksheets

    Enhancing Students’ Advanced Mathematical Thinking in Algebra through Three Worlds Journeys on Mathematics Worksheets

    Authors: Nadya Dewinda Agustin, Mohamad Syarif Sumantri, Arita Marini, Sri Pernia Warakmulty

    Abstract

    This study investigates the development of primary students’ advanced mathematical thinking (AMT) skills in solving algebra problems using worksheets based on Tall’s three-worlds journey of mathematics. Employing an explanatory sequential design, this research integrated quantitative and qualitative data from 40 fifth-grade students. Instruments and data analyses were validated through expert judgment and triangulation. The findings reveal that students achieved AMT skills, including mathematical representation, creativity, abstraction, and proof. Approximately 40% of students reached the natural phase, 35% progressed to the natural-to-formal phase, and 35% attained the formal-axiomatic phase. These results occurred because Tall’s approach leverages children’s natural tendencies to play, imagine, and explore, fostering deeper reasoning. This study impacts mathematics education by demonstrating that AMT skills can be nurtured at the primary level through structured scaffolding, enhancing students’ cognitive development and problem-solving abilities in algebra. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.

    Author keywords

    Advanced mathematical thinking; Algebra problems; Mathematical proof; Primary schools; Three worlds of mathematics

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105021025512

  • Exploration of the Utilization of Information Technology in Transmigration Planning

    Exploration of the Utilization of Information Technology in Transmigration Planning

    Authors: Leonardi Paris Hasugian, Budi Setiyono, Reyner Marvi Leiwakabessy, Amri Diensyah Hufadz Abdullah, Rama Mahesa Raja Arum, Myrna Dwi Rahmatya, Ashurova Sanobar Yuldashevna, Feby Artwodini Muqtadiroh, Nur Aini Rakhmawati

    Abstract

    This study aims to explore the level of use and integration of information technology in transmigration planning in the East Kobalima region of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This study used exploratory qualitative research methods such as literature searches and online media content analyses, interviews and preliminary field observations. Findings show that there are many potentials uses for technology. Current conditions show limited application of information technology to administrative functions, unstable connection, low levels of digital literacy, and that no integrated systems exist between the various institutions involved. On the other hand, increasing investment in infrastructure, and increasing involvement of youth with technology, offer an opportunity for developing contextually relevant, participatory, and adaptive solutions to transmigration planning through the use of digital information systems. The outcome of the study is a conceptual basis to create contextually relevant, participatory, and adaptive information systems for transmigration planning in the East Kobalima area. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.

    Author keywords

    East Kobalima; ICT adoption; Information systems; Qualitative study; Transmigration planning

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105029675576

  • Autonomous Monitoring with Facial Expression Recognition

    Autonomous Monitoring with Facial Expression Recognition

    and Gamification to Support Blended Learning Model

    Authors: Indra Kurniawan ; Yeffry Handoko Putra

    DOI: –

    Abstract:

    Blended learning model is a popular learning model and is trusted by many educational institutions in the world as a more effective model. However, it has several challenges and weaknesses, namely the lack of monitoring and assessment of learning activities during online sessions or asynchronous sessions. This study aims to build an autonomous monitoring system using facial expression recognition and gamification methods to support the learning process with a blended learning model. The result of this research is a design and implementation of an autonomous monitoring system that displays real-time monitoring reports with the concept of gamification. Real-time reports can be used by teachers as one of the assessment points for students. In addition, the applied gamification concept has motivated students to take the distance learning process seriously and quickly because they are competing to get points. © School of Engineering, Taylor’s University.

    Author Keywords:

    Autonomous monitoring; Facial expression recognition; Gamification

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85148345218?