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  • The Potential Criminal Threat of Gatherings During 

    the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

    Author: Musa Darwin Pane

    DOI: 10.23969/litigasi.v22i2.4119

    Abstract

    This study aims to determine the regulation of criminal threats for crowding in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic according to positive law in Indonesia and to find out the criminal threats (prison or fines) against those who crowd in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic according to the penal system. The approach method used in this research is normative juridical and the research specification uses descriptive analytical method. The results of the study show that in positive law there are administrative criminal sanctions that are threatened for perpetrators who gather in the in the time of COVID-19 pandemic, namely Article 14 paragraph (1) of Law No. 4, 1984 concerning Outbreaks of Infectious Diseases, Article 93 of Law Number 6, 2018 concerning Quarantine, Article 212, Article 214, Article 216, and Article 218 of the Criminal Code. Meanwhile, the criminal threat for those attracting crowds amidst the COVID-19 pandemic can be subject to criminal penalties if the perpetrators resist as stipulated in the legislation, but this criminal sanction is a last resort or ultimum remedium. Thus, the author is of the view that it is necessary to have a functioning agency or institution that is concerned with prevention and supervision through massive approach and layered supervision. © 2021, JURNAL LITIGASI.

    Author Keywords

    COVID-19; Criminal; Crowd

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105028799156?

  • Semiotic Analysis of Sundanese Culture Spells: 

    Semiotic Analysis of Sundanese Culture Spells: 

    Exploring Its Discursive Level and Cultural Connotation

    Authors: Tatan Tawami ; Lia Maulia Indrayani ; Cece Sobarna ;  Susi Yuliawati

    DOI: 10.36923/jicc.v24i2.515

    Abstract

    This paper presents a semiotic analysis focusing on the discursive level. This study investigates the figurative components, syntactical/grammatical features, and enunciative components of the signs embedded in Sundanese cultural spells, specifically Asihan Leugeut teuerup. A qualitative descriptive method was implemented to unveil the meanings and interpretations presented in the spells. The study discovered that: (1) the sign reference, known as its figurative components, was divided into five isotopies carrying specific cultural connotations; (2) the spells were also preferably characterized by nominative structure rather than the predicative; its syntactical structures were dominated by imperative moods and kecap anteuran (anticipatory verbal inchoative words); and (3) the way the spells were narrated was through the first-person protagonist and diegetic, meaning that the actor was the narrator himself. The findings suggest that the signs presented in the spells provide suggestive insights through components that relate closely to users’ daily and iterative activities. These suggestive insights can be interpreted as how users understand the meaning of the signs. © 2024 by author(s).

    Author Keywords

    Cultural Connotation; Figurative Components; Semiotic Analysis; Signs; Sundanese Culture Spell

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85195375122?

  • Semiotic Analysis of Sundanese Culture Spells: 

    Semiotic Analysis of Sundanese Culture Spells: 

    Exploring Its Discursive Level and Cultural Connotation

    Authors: Tatan Tawami ; Lia Maulia Indrayani ; Cece Sobarna ;  Susi Yuliawati

    DOI: 10.36923/jicc.v24i2.515

    Abstract

    This paper presents a semiotic analysis focusing on the discursive level. This study investigates the figurative components, syntactical/grammatical features, and enunciative components of the signs embedded in Sundanese cultural spells, specifically Asihan Leugeut teuerup. A qualitative descriptive method was implemented to unveil the meanings and interpretations presented in the spells. The study discovered that: (1) the sign reference, known as its figurative components, was divided into five isotopies carrying specific cultural connotations; (2) the spells were also preferably characterized by nominative structure rather than the predicative; its syntactical structures were dominated by imperative moods and kecap anteuran (anticipatory verbal inchoative words); and (3) the way the spells were narrated was through the first-person protagonist and diegetic, meaning that the actor was the narrator himself. The findings suggest that the signs presented in the spells provide suggestive insights through components that relate closely to users’ daily and iterative activities. These suggestive insights can be interpreted as how users understand the meaning of the signs. © 2024 by author(s).

    Author Keywords

    Cultural Connotation; Figurative Components; Semiotic Analysis; Signs; Sundanese Culture Spell

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85195375122

  • Analysis of Language Structure and Its Implications in Modern Linguistics: 

    Analysis of Language Structure and Its Implications in Modern Linguistics: 

    A Study of the Understanding and Application of Structural Linguistic Concepts

    Author: Juanda

    DOI: 10.36941/jesr-2024-0019

    Abstract

    Structural linguistics is a branch of linguistics which analyzes language from a structural point of view. It focuses on how language is formed and constructed, and how language can be understood structurally. This study analyzes the structure of language and its implications in modern linguistics, examines the understanding and application of structural linguistic concepts, and identifies how these concepts can be used to understand and analyze language. Saussure developed a theory about language as an organized symbolic system. He emphasized that language is a system consisting of components that are interrelated with one another. After Saussure, several other linguists also developed the concept of structural linguistics. Structural Linguistics has developed into one of the most important branches of linguistics. The contributions of Structural Linguistics have had a major impact on various fields. By analyzing the structure of language, linguists can understand how language develops and how language interacts culturally and socially. This has helped teachers, translators and linguists in developing languages and improving the quality of language teaching, translation and analysis. The application of Structural Linguistics has helped linguists a lot in understanding how language develops and changes. This theory has helped linguists to understand how language is influenced by social and cultural contexts, and how language is used to express meaning in different language contexts. © 2024 Juanda Juanda.

    Author Keywords

    Language Structure; Modern Linguistics; Pragmatics; Structural Linguistic

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85182754337?

  • Investigating the Use of Word Choice and Students’ Achievement in English Language Learning

    Investigating the Use of Word Choice and Students’ Achievement in English Language Learning

    Authors: Juanda, Ridwin Purba, Muhammad Wahyu Setiyadi, Daniel Frengki Kamengko, Herman, Kasih Lestari Zega, Rakhmat Wahyudin Sagala, Nanda Saputra

    DOI: 10.5430/jct.v14n2p195

    Abstract

    This study investigates the correlation between teachers’ word choices and student learning outcomes in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. This study highlights the importance of teacher word choice in language acquisition, noting the gap between theoretical understanding and practical application. The study employs qualitative research methods, including classroom observations, interviews with teachers and students, and data analysis techniques, to explore the impact of teacher word choice on student comprehension. The findings revealed that teachers’ word choices can significantly affect classroom interaction and student understanding. Inappropriate word choices, such as the use of overly complex vocabulary or unclear explanations, can lead to misunderstandings and hinder student learning. Conversely, the use of simple, clear, and contextually relevant languages can facilitate students’ comprehension and improve learning outcomes. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of teacher training in effective language use and selection of appropriate vocabulary to enhance student learning in EFL classrooms. These findings underscore the critical role of teachers’ language awareness in creating an effective learning environment. Teachers should be encouraged to reflect on their word choices and adapt their language to match their proficiency levels and learning needs. Incorporating explicit vocabulary instruction and providing opportunities for students to engage with new words in meaningful contexts can enhance their overall language acquisition and academic performance. © 2025 Sciedu Press. All rights reserved.

    Author keywords

    discourse analysis; EFL; English teacher; word choices

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105007974153

  • Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning in College Biology Education for the Development of Higher-Order Thinking Skills

    Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning in College Biology Education for the Development of Higher-Order Thinking Skills

    Authors: Mia Nurkanti, Maesaroh Lubis, Cartono, Atok Miftachul Hudha, Ahmad Adnan Mohd Shukri, Yasundari

    DOI: 10.22521/edupij.2025.18.463

    Abstract

    Background/purpose. Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) development represents a critical challenge in biology higher education. While Project-Based Learning (PjBL) shows promise, empirical evidence remains fragmented across individual studies. This meta-analysis systematically synthesized evidence on PjBL effectiveness in developing HOTS among biology students and explored moderating factors influencing outcomes. Materials/methods. A comprehensive literature search across five databases following PRISMA guidelines yielded 2,847 records. Rigorous screening identified 42 high-quality experimental studies encompassing 5,247 undergraduate biology students across 18 countries. Meta-analytic procedures included standardized mean differences calculation, heterogeneity assessment, moderator analyses, and publication bias evaluation. Results. Meta-analytic synthesis revealed a large overall effect size (d = 0.847, 95% CI: 0.692-1.002, p < 0.001) favoring PjBL interventions over traditional instruction methods. Domain-specific analyses demonstrated consistently large effects across cognitive (d = 0.923), psychomotor (d = 0.862), and affective (d = 0.756) dimensions of HOTS development. Moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 68.4%) reflected meaningful variation in implementation approaches while maintaining coherence sufficient for pooled estimation. Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness of findings across different study characteristics, with no evidence of significant publication bias detected through funnel plot analysis and statistical testing. Conclusion. This meta-analysis provides compelling evidence that Project-Based Learning represents a highly effective pedagogical intervention for developing Higher-Order Thinking Skills in biology higher education contexts. The large, consistent, and robust effects observed across multiple domains and diverse implementation contexts support widespread adoption of well-designed PjBL interventions as a transformative strategy for preparing biology students to meet contemporary scientific challenges and collaborative problem-solving requirements. © The Author(s), 2025.

    Author keywords

    biology education; meta-analysis; higher education; higher-order thinking skills; Project-based learning

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105017176719

  • Impact of Green Marketing and Total Quality Management (Tqm) Dimensions on Improving the Financial Performance of Indonesian Sharia Banks: New Concept

    Impact of Green Marketing and Total Quality Management (Tqm) Dimensions on Improving the Financial Performance of Indonesian Sharia Banks: New Concept

    Authors: Sudadi Pranata, Umi Narimawati, M Yani Syafei

    DOI: 10.62754/joe.v4i2.5868

    Abstract

    Green marketing is an advertising technique that focuses on promoting and selling products or services that have minimal or positive environmental effect. Given the growing awareness of environmental and sustainability concerns, this concept has gained increasing importance and attention in the fields of marketing and business management. Quality management is a strategy for continuousl y enhancing (continuous performance improvement) performance at all levels of an organization’s operations and processes, as well as in all functional areas, by leveraging its people and financial resources. How to implement green marketing and total quality management to the financial performance of Bank Syariah Indonesia is the focus of this study. This study aims to investigate the effects of ecological marketing and total quality management on financial performance. This method of research employs multiple linear regression with a sample of 237 individuals, including financial administrators and employees. Consumer awareness has a positive effect on financial performance, consumer loyalty has a positive effect on financial performance, increased resource efficiency has a positive effect on financial performance, an obsession with quality has a positive effect on financial performance, teamwork has a positive effect on financial performance, and engagement and empowerment have a positive effect on financial performance, according to the findings of thi s study. © 2025, Creative Publishing House. All rights reserved.

    Author keywords

    Financial Performance; Green Marketing; Total Quality Management

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85217540282

  • Securing Smart Agriculture: AI-Driven Digital Forensics in Agri-Tech Cybercrime Investigation

    Securing Smart Agriculture: AI-Driven Digital Forensics in Agri-Tech Cybercrime Investigation

    Authors: Hewa Majeed Zangana, Aree Adel Abdulgader, Senny Luckyardi, Shuai Li

    DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-6536-7.ch009

    Abstract

    The rapid digital transformation of agriculture, powered by the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and precision technologies, has led to the emergence of “Smart Agriculture.” While these innovations promise enhanced productivity, sustainability, and resource optimization, they also introduce significant cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Smart agriculture systems, including autonomous machinery, sensor networks, and AI-driven analytics, are increasingly targeted by cybercriminals seeking to disrupt food supply chains, steal sensitive agricultural data, or manipulate decision-making algorithms. This chapter explores the intersection of AI and digital forensics in investigating and mitigating cybercrimes within the agri-tech landscape. It highlights AI’s role in proactive threat detection, anomaly monitoring, and evidence collection, while also discussing forensic readiness and challenges related to data integrity, privacy, and ethical governance. © 2026, IGI Global Scientific Publishing.

    Indexed keywords

    Engineering controlled terms

    Agri-food; Agribusiness; Agriculture; Artificial intelligence; Computer crime; Computer forensics; Cybersecurity; Data privacy; Decision making; Electronic crime countermeasures; Food supply; Internet of things; Smart agriculture

    Engineering uncontrolled terms

    Agriculture systems; Cyber security; Cyber-crimes; Cybercriminals; Decision-making algorithms; Digital transformation; Food supply chain; Resources optimization; Sensors network; Smart agricultures

    Engineering main heading

    Sensor networks

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105020537505

  • Sexual Grooming of Children Mode through Live Streaming: Legal Gaps in the Face of Anonymity of Online Transactions

    Sexual Grooming of Children Mode through Live Streaming: Legal Gaps in the Face of Anonymity of Online Transactions

    Authors: L. Alfies Sihombing, Yeni Nuraeni, Wahyudi, Loso Judijanto, Abidah Abdul Ghafar

    DOI: 10.15294/lslr.v9i2.28259

    Abstract

    The rapid development of digital technology has enabled new forms of child sexual exploitation, including sexual grooming conducted through live-streaming platforms. This phenomenon demonstrates not only the heightened vulnerability of children in cyberspace but also the limitations of national legal frameworks in addressing crime patterns characterized by anonymity and online financial transactions. This study employs a combined normative and empirical juridical approach to provide a comprehensive understanding of online grooming cases in Indonesia. The normative component analyzes statutory provisions, child protection laws, and digital platform regulations to identify the intended legal protections for children. The empirical component complements this by collecting first-hand insights through semi-structured interviews with law enforcement officers, representatives of the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI), digital platform operators, and victim support companions. The integration of these approaches reveals gaps between legal norms and enforcement practices, particularly regarding institutional constraints, reporting mechanisms, and socio-technical challenges faced in case handling. The findings show that grooming through live streaming involves complex psychological manipulation facilitated by platform features that allow perpetrators to maintain anonymity. Current regulations do not explicitly recognize online grooming as a distinct criminal offense, nor do they adequately address anonymous electronic transactions commonly used in this crime. Court decisions also illustrate inconsistencies in legal application due to the absence of specific norms governing technology-based grooming. These findings highlight the urgency of reformulating national legal policies by introducing explicit criminal norms on digital grooming, strengthening penalties for online media-based sexual crimes, and regulating anonymous online transactions. The study further recommends enhancing the role of digital financial institutions and technology platforms in prevention, monitoring, and reporting mechanisms. In addition, community-based education and preventive interventions are essential to complement law enforcement efforts and create a safer digital environment for children. © 2024 Authors.

    Author keywords

    Anonymous Transactions; Legal Gaps; Live Streaming; Sexual Grooming

    This article can be accessed at https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105028106228